{
  "study": {
    "slug": "family-benefits-in-the-eu",
    "title": "Poland Gives Families More of Its Social Spending Than Any Other EU Country",
    "url": "https://www.silverdatalab.com/studies/family-benefits-in-the-eu"
  },
  "table": 2,
  "language": "en",
  "caption": "Family and children benefits per inhabitant, 2025",
  "valueHeading": "PPS per inhabitant",
  "selection": "The three Member States with the highest amount and the three with the lowest, against the EU figure.",
  "decimals": 0,
  "referenceLabel": "EU figure",
  "note": "Every 2025 value is a Eurostat estimate. Eurostat notes that values per inhabitant are overestimated for Luxembourg, which pays a significant part of its benefits to people living abroad. Poland, first by share, is fifth here at 1,312 PPS, less than two PPS ahead of Finland.",
  "derived": [
    "gap_to_reference"
  ],
  "flags": "source_flag carries the publisher's own status letters on the cell: p provisional, e estimated, b break in time series, d definition differs, u low reliability, i imputed",
  "source": {
    "publisher": "Eurostat",
    "dataset": "Social benefits by function - PPS per inhabitant",
    "code": "tps00107",
    "filters": {
      "freq": "A",
      "unit": "PPS_HAB",
      "spdeps": "SPR",
      "spfunc": "SICK, DIS, OLD, SRV, FAM, UNE, HOU, EXCL",
      "time": "2025"
    },
    "extractedOn": "2026-10-24",
    "lastUpdated": "2026-10-23",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2908/tps00107",
    "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tps00107/default/table?lang=en"
  },
  "licence": {
    "analysis": "CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "statistics": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/about-us/policies/copyright"
  },
  "rows": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "name": "Luxembourg",
      "value": 2881.5,
      "gap_to_reference": 1885,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": "e"
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "name": "Germany",
      "value": 1782.37,
      "gap_to_reference": 786,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": "e"
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "name": "Denmark",
      "value": 1494.53,
      "gap_to_reference": 498,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": "e"
    },
    {
      "rank": null,
      "name": "European Union",
      "value": 996.23,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": true,
      "source_flag": "e"
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "name": "Malta",
      "value": 424.72,
      "gap_to_reference": -572,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": "e"
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "name": "Cyprus",
      "value": 345.32,
      "gap_to_reference": -651,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": "e"
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "name": "Greece",
      "value": 288.26,
      "gap_to_reference": -708,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": "e"
    }
  ]
}