{
  "study": {
    "slug": "foreign-citizens-in-the-eu",
    "title": "The Share of People in Malta Without Maltese Citizenship Has Quadrupled",
    "url": "https://www.silverdatalab.com/studies/foreign-citizens-in-the-eu"
  },
  "table": 1,
  "language": "en",
  "caption": "Residents without the citizenship of the country they live in, 1 January 2025",
  "valueHeading": "% of the resident population (derived)",
  "selection": "Three highest and three lowest of the 26 Member States with a 2025 value; Portugal has none. Eurostat publishes no 2025 EU count of residents without the country's citizenship, so there is no reference row.",
  "decimals": 1,
  "referenceLabel": null,
  "note": "Derived by Silver Data Lab: the number of residents who are citizens of another country or stateless, from tps00157, divided by the total resident population on the same date, from migr_pop1ctz. Romania's count is estimated and Poland's estimated and provisional. The latest EU share, for 1 January 2024 and derived in the same way, is 9.6%.",
  "derived": [
    "gap_to_reference"
  ],
  "flags": "source_flag carries the publisher's own status letters on the cell: p provisional, e estimated, b break in time series, d definition differs, u low reliability, i imputed",
  "source": {
    "publisher": "Eurostat",
    "dataset": "Population without the citizenship of the reporting country",
    "code": "tps00157",
    "filters": {
      "freq": "A",
      "citizen": "FOR_STLS",
      "age": "TOTAL",
      "unit": "NR",
      "sex": "T"
    },
    "extractedOn": "2026-10-21",
    "lastUpdated": "2026-09-25",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2908/tps00157",
    "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tps00157/default/table?lang=en"
  },
  "licence": {
    "analysis": "CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "statistics": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/about-us/policies/copyright"
  },
  "rows": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "name": "Luxembourg",
      "value": 47,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "name": "Malta",
      "value": 29.4,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "name": "Cyprus",
      "value": 24.8,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "name": "Romania",
      "value": 1.9,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "name": "Slovakia",
      "value": 1.2,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "name": "Poland",
      "value": 1.2,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    }
  ]
}