{
  "study": {
    "slug": "government-debt-and-deficit-in-the-eu",
    "title": "Greece Has the EU's Highest Debt Relative to GDP and a Budget Surplus",
    "url": "https://www.silverdatalab.com/de/studien/staatsverschuldung-und-defizit-in-der-eu"
  },
  "table": 1,
  "language": "de",
  "caption": "Staatsverschuldung, 2025",
  "valueHeading": "% des BIP",
  "selection": "Die drei höchsten und die drei niedrigsten der 27 EU-Mitgliedstaaten, mit dem EU-Aggregat als Bezugswert.",
  "decimals": 1,
  "referenceLabel": "EU-Durchschnitt",
  "note": null,
  "derived": [
    "gap_to_reference"
  ],
  "flags": "source_flag carries the publisher's own status letters on the cell: p provisional, e estimated, b break in time series, d definition differs, u low reliability, i imputed",
  "source": {
    "publisher": "Eurostat",
    "dataset": "Government deficit/surplus, debt and associated data",
    "code": "gov_10dd_edpt1",
    "filters": {
      "freq": "A",
      "sector": "S13",
      "na_item": "GD, B9",
      "unit": "PC_GDP",
      "time": "2025"
    },
    "extractedOn": "2026-10-22",
    "lastUpdated": "2026-10-21",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2908/gov_10dd_edpt1",
    "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/gov_10dd_edpt1/default/table?lang=en"
  },
  "licence": {
    "analysis": "CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "statistics": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/about-us/policies/copyright"
  },
  "rows": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "name": "Griechenland",
      "value": 145.4,
      "gap_to_reference": 63.9,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "name": "Italien",
      "value": 136.7,
      "gap_to_reference": 55.2,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "name": "Frankreich",
      "value": 115.7,
      "gap_to_reference": 34.2,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": null,
      "name": "Europäische Union",
      "value": 81.5,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": true,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "name": "Dänemark",
      "value": 27.2,
      "gap_to_reference": -54.3,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "name": "Luxemburg",
      "value": 26,
      "gap_to_reference": -55.5,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "name": "Estland",
      "value": 24,
      "gap_to_reference": -57.5,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    }
  ]
}