{
  "study": {
    "slug": "import-dependence-in-the-eu",
    "title": "Three EU Countries Import More Than Their Entire Economies Produce",
    "url": "https://www.silverdatalab.com/studies/import-dependence-in-the-eu"
  },
  "table": 1,
  "language": "en",
  "caption": "Imports of goods and services, 2025",
  "valueHeading": "% of GDP",
  "selection": "Three highest and three lowest EU Member States, with the EU total for reference.",
  "decimals": 1,
  "referenceLabel": "EU total",
  "note": "The EU row is the sum of the 27 national figures, so it counts imports from other Member States. It is not the Union's imports from the rest of the world. Eurostat publishes the Luxembourg, French and Spanish values as provisional.",
  "derived": [
    "gap_to_reference"
  ],
  "flags": "source_flag carries the publisher's own status letters on the cell: p provisional, e estimated, b break in time series, d definition differs, u low reliability, i imputed",
  "source": {
    "publisher": "Eurostat",
    "dataset": "GDP and main components (output, expenditure and income)",
    "code": "nama_10_gdp",
    "filters": {
      "freq": "A",
      "na_item": "P7, B1GQ",
      "unit": "CP_MEUR",
      "time": "2025"
    },
    "extractedOn": "2026-10-23",
    "lastUpdated": "2026-10-22",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2908/nama_10_gdp",
    "url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10_gdp/default/table?lang=en"
  },
  "licence": {
    "analysis": "CC BY 4.0 — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "statistics": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/about-us/policies/copyright"
  },
  "rows": [
    {
      "rank": 1,
      "name": "Luxembourg",
      "value": 170.6,
      "gap_to_reference": 124.5,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 2,
      "name": "Malta",
      "value": 111.3,
      "gap_to_reference": 65.2,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 3,
      "name": "Ireland",
      "value": 109.3,
      "gap_to_reference": 63.2,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": null,
      "name": "European Union",
      "value": 46.1,
      "gap_to_reference": null,
      "reference": true,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 4,
      "name": "France",
      "value": 34.2,
      "gap_to_reference": -11.9,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 5,
      "name": "Spain",
      "value": 32.6,
      "gap_to_reference": -13.5,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    },
    {
      "rank": 6,
      "name": "Italy",
      "value": 30.2,
      "gap_to_reference": -15.9,
      "reference": false,
      "source_flag": null
    }
  ]
}