Household gross saving rate across the Union
- Eurostat dataset
- nasa_10_ki
- Reference period
- 2024
- Unit of measure
- % of GDP
Key estimates
- EU aggregate (2024): 5.12 % of GDP.
- Highest value: Cyprus at 9.08 % of GDP; lowest: Ireland at 2.50 % of GDP.
- Cross-country mean 4.69 % of GDP, standard deviation 1.37, coefficient of variation 29.1% across 27 reporting countries.
- Aggregate change 2014→2024: +12.7% on a constant panel of 27 countries.
How much of their income do European households retain? Eurostat dataset nasa_10_ki reports household gross saving rate across the Union for 27 reporting countries, with 2024 as the most recent period carrying broad coverage. The European aggregate stands at 5.12 % of GDP. The saving rate links household behaviour to the domestic funding of investment.
The five highest values in 2024 are recorded by Cyprus (9.08), Czechia (6.06), Germany (6.02), Romania (6.01), Netherlands (5.90), all expressed in % of GDP. At the opposite end of the distribution sit Ireland (2.50), Sweden (2.53), Latvia (2.88), Poland (3.39), Denmark (3.43). The ratio between the highest and the lowest observation is 3.63, while the median country reports 4.49 % of GDP against a mean of 4.69 % of GDP.
Dispersion is moderate: the standard deviation across countries is 1.37 % of GDP, giving a coefficient of variation of 29.1%. The mean sits above the median, which indicates that the distribution is pulled by the upper tail rather than being symmetric. Any European average quoted for this indicator therefore describes a synthetic country that few Member States resemble.
Between 2014 and 2024 the summed value across the 27 countries reporting in both periods moved by +12.7%. The largest relative increases are observed in Iceland (+92.5%), Cyprus (+91.6%), Croatia (+88.1%); the largest decreases, or the smallest increases, in Poland (-31.7%), Finland (-31.5%), Luxembourg (-24.3%). Because the panel is held constant, this change is not an artefact of countries entering or leaving the sample.
This indicator has no normatively preferred direction; its analytical value lies in the structure of the distribution and in how national positions move relative to each other over time. The estimates above are reproducible: the dataset identifier, filter dimensions and reference period are stated in the methodological note, and the series can be re-downloaded from the Eurostat dissemination API at any time.
Methodological note
Source: Eurostat, dataset nasa_10_ki ('Key indicators for sector accounts - annual data'), extracted from the Eurostat dissemination API (JSON-stat 2.0) on the dataset update of 2026-07-27. Filter dimensions: na_item=P51G_RAT_GDP_S14_S15; unit=PC; sector=S14_S15. Unit of measure: % of GDP. Reference period: 2024. Geographic perimeter: national reporting units with two-character geo codes (27 countries with a non-missing observation); European and euro-area aggregates are excluded from the cross-country statistics and reported separately. Descriptive statistics (mean, median, population standard deviation, coefficient of variation) are computed unweighted over reporting countries. Change over time is computed on a constant panel: only countries with a non-missing observation in both the base and the reference period enter the calculation, which removes composition effects but may differ from the officially published aggregate. No imputation, seasonal adjustment or re-scaling has been applied beyond what Eurostat performs at source. Flagged provisional and estimated observations are retained as published.
Source data
The underlying series can be inspected and re-downloaded from the Eurostat data browser.