Exports of goods and services in national output
- Eurostat dataset
- nama_10_gdp
- Reference period
- 2025
- Unit of measure
- million euro
Key estimates
- EU aggregate (2025): 9 340 151 million euro.
- Highest value: Euro area (EA11-1999, EA12-2001, EA13-2007, EA15-2008, EA16-2009, EA17-2011, EA18-2014, EA19-2015, EA20-2023, EA21-2026) at 7 687 955 million euro; lowest: Montenegro at 3 273 million euro.
- Cross-country mean 484 534 million euro, standard deviation 1 242 369, coefficient of variation 256.4% across 38 reporting countries.
- Aggregate change 2014→2025: +75.2% on a constant panel of 38 countries.
How large are national export bases relative to each other? Eurostat dataset nama_10_gdp reports exports of goods and services in national output for 38 reporting countries, with 2025 as the most recent period carrying broad coverage. The European aggregate stands at 9 340 151 million euro. Export volumes measured in national accounts terms are consistent with GDP, unlike customs-based series.
The five highest values in 2025 are recorded by Euro area (EA11-1999, EA12-2001, EA13-2007, EA15-2008, EA16-2009, EA17-2011, EA18-2014, EA19-2015, EA20-2023, EA21-2026) (7 687 955), Germany (1 800 049), France (1 009 372), Netherlands (955 285), Ireland (884 754), all expressed in million euro. At the opposite end of the distribution sit Montenegro (3 273), Kosovo* (4 847), Moldova (5 730), North Macedonia (10 110), Bosnia and Herzegovina (11 855). The ratio between the highest and the lowest observation is 2348.61, while the median country reports 134 398 million euro against a mean of 484 534 million euro.
Dispersion is wide: the standard deviation across countries is 1 242 369 million euro, giving a coefficient of variation of 256.4%. The mean sits above the median, which indicates that the distribution is pulled by the upper tail rather than being symmetric. Any European average quoted for this indicator therefore describes a synthetic country that few Member States resemble.
Between 2014 and 2025 the summed value across the 38 countries reporting in both periods moved by +75.2%. The largest relative increases are observed in Kosovo* (+286.9%), Ireland (+283.2%), Malta (+237.6%); the largest decreases, or the smallest increases, in Norway (+41.2%), Germany (+44.7%), Belgium (+50.7%). Because the panel is held constant, this change is not an artefact of countries entering or leaving the sample.
This indicator has no normatively preferred direction; its analytical value lies in the structure of the distribution and in how national positions move relative to each other over time. The estimates above are reproducible: the dataset identifier, filter dimensions and reference period are stated in the methodological note, and the series can be re-downloaded from the Eurostat dissemination API at any time.
Methodological note
Source: Eurostat, dataset nama_10_gdp ('Gross domestic product (GDP) and main components (output, expenditure and income) - annual data'), extracted from the Eurostat dissemination API (JSON-stat 2.0) on the dataset update of 2026-07-27. Filter dimensions: unit=CP_MEUR; na_item=P6. Unit of measure: million euro. Reference period: 2025. Geographic perimeter: national reporting units with two-character geo codes (38 countries with a non-missing observation); European and euro-area aggregates are excluded from the cross-country statistics and reported separately. Descriptive statistics (mean, median, population standard deviation, coefficient of variation) are computed unweighted over reporting countries. Change over time is computed on a constant panel: only countries with a non-missing observation in both the base and the reference period enter the calculation, which removes composition effects but may differ from the officially published aggregate. No imputation, seasonal adjustment or re-scaling has been applied beyond what Eurostat performs at source. Flagged provisional and estimated observations are retained as published.
Source data
The underlying series can be inspected and re-downloaded from the Eurostat data browser.