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Equality and non-discrimination

Income inequality and gender gaps in pay and employment.

Studies in this domain4
Data sourceEurostat
In Every EU Country, the Risk of Poverty Falls as Education Rises
Equality and non-discriminationReference period 2025

In Every EU Country, the Risk of Poverty Falls as Education Rises

Across the EU in 2025, 26.9% of adults with at most lower secondary education were at risk of poverty, against 14.7% of those with upper secondary education and 7.7% of graduates.

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In Luxembourg, Women Are Paid More Than Men
Equality and non-discriminationReference period 2024

In Luxembourg, Women Are Paid More Than Men

Women in the EU earned 11.1% less per hour than men in 2024, before any adjustment for occupation or hours.

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Lithuania Is the Only EU Country Where Women's Employment Exceeds Men's
Equality and non-discriminationReference period 2025

Lithuania Is the Only EU Country Where Women's Employment Exceeds Men's

Male employment exceeded female employment by 9.6 percentage points across the EU in 2025.

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Bulgaria Has the EU's Widest Gap Between Rich and Poor
Equality and non-discriminationMemberReference period 2025

Bulgaria Has the EU's Widest Gap Between Rich and Poor

Across the EU, the richest fifth of the population received 4.6 times the income of the poorest fifth in 2025.

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